Part 1: History
1. Introduction to the study of the History of Political Ideas.
2. Political reflection in the Polis.
3. Political reflection in the Middle Ages.
4. Monarchical Absolutism and the political reflection on the idea of citizenship
5. The Political Thought of the Hispanic Monarchy between the XVI and XVII
Centuries.
6. Iusnaturalism and politics S. XVII.
7. Political thought in times of revolution. Enlightenment and Liberalism.
Part 2: Theory
1. Thinking about the world through political theory. A look into the past to understand the present and guide the future. Fernando Vallespín, Rafael del Águila, and Reinhart Koselleck.
2. Definitions of Freedom: Negative Freedom - Positive Freedom - Freedom as Non-Domination - Freedom as Emancipation. Isaiah Berlin.
3. The limits of freedom and the explanation of totalitarianisms: the post-World War II world. Hannah Arendt.
4. From Equality to Difference: Definition and meanings of the term in the Modern State: Formal equality, equality of opportunity, recognition equality. Nancy Fraser, Amartya Sen, John Rawls.
5. Current issues related to the tension between freedom, equality, and social justice. Political community and integration. How is diversity articulated in modern societies? Different perspectives: liberalism, communitarianism, multiculturalism.
6. Gender theory and feminist thought: From Simone de Beauvoir to Judith Butler.
7. New challenges in political theory: communication and post-truth in a global world: Jürgen Habermas, Lee McIntyre, and Byung-Chul Han.