1. Historiography of State Theories 2. The transformation of hunting societies into agricultural. Process of social hierarchy: from the village to the city. Chiefdom societies. The emergence of the state and the teologization of inequality. 3. State structures in Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Aegean: the cases of Crete and Mycenae. 4. The polis and its political essays in Archaic Greece. Democracy as an exception. The ligues. 5. Political theories in the Greek world. 6. The structures of the Roman Republic. Imperialism as a model. 7. Theory and practice of the Roman Empire. Political thought in Rome and the transformation of government. The Christian Empire. 8. The state in the Middle Ages: the debates on the theme of the medieval state. The theory of the state in the Middle Ages: authors and ideas. 9. The process of formation of the medieval states. The early medieval state: from the Germanic kingdoms to the Carolingian empire (VI-IX centuries). 10. State and Church: a binomial of power and its struggle for supremacy in the West. Church-State Articulation in the East. 11. Feudalism and the king's power over the territory. Functions of the state and beginnings of popular representation and constitutionality. 12. The geographies of power. I. The Arab states of the Mediterranean area (8th-14th centuries). 13. The geographies of power. II. The medieval states of Western Europe. A time of great feudal fragmentation (11th and 12th centuries). 14. The geographies of power. III. The medieval states of Western Europe. First steps to reverse the weakness of the feudal state (13th-14th centuries).

AF1. THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL CLASSES. Formal presentation of the knowledge that the students must acquire. They will receive the class notes and will have basic reference texts to facilitate the follow-up of the classes and the development of the subsequent work. Exercises, practical problems will be solved on the part of the student and workshops and evaluation tests will be carried out to acquire the necessary skills. AF2. TUTORIALS. Individualized assistance (individual tutorials) or group tutorials (group tutorials) to students by the teacher. AF3. INDIVIDUAL OR GROUP WORK OF THE STUDENT. MD1. MAGISTRAL LESSONS. Presentations by the teacher with the support of audiovisual media, in which the main concepts of the subject are developed and the materials and bibliography are provided to complement the students' learning. MD2. PRACTICES. Resolution of practical cases, problems, etc. raised by the teacher individually or in groups. MD3. TUTORIALS. Individualized assistance (individual tutorials) or group tutorials (group tutorials) to students by the teacher.