1. Families of materials, applications and selection criteria. Classification of materials and their general properties. Structure, properties and processing: examples. Selection of materials: practical examples. Evolution and competition among materials.
2. Bonding. Ionic bonding and lattice energy. Covalent bond, a review: polar molecules, polarization capacity and polarizability. Metallic bond. Intermolecular forces. Bonding-properties relationship.
3. Diffusion. Mechanisms of diffusion. Steady state diffusion: Fick¿s first law. Non-steady state diffusion: Fick¿s second law. Factors that influence diffusivity. Examples.
4. Crystal structure of metals and defects. Unit cell and crystalline systems. Main metallic structures (BCC, FCC, HCP). Atomic positions, directions and planes in crystalline structures: Miller indices. Linear, planar and volumetric density. Imperfections in real crystals: thermodynamic justification. Point defects: vacancy, interstitial, Schottky and Frenkel. Dislocations, slip systems and plastic deformation. Planar defects: grain boundaries (Hall-Petch relation), stacking faults, twin boundaries. Solid solutions: types, Hume-Rothery rules.
5. Phase diagrams. Basic concepts. Gibbs phase rule. Binary isomorphous phase diagrams. Non-equilibrium solidification: microsegregation. Binary eutectic systems: reaction and microstructure. Other invariant reactions. The Fe-C system: invariant reactions. Eutectoid, hypo and hyper eutectoid steels.
6. Mechanical properties. Uniaxial tensile test: stress-strain curve. Another mechanical tests. Strengthening mechanisms. Fracture and fatigue.
7. Heat treatments. Annealing processes. Isothermal and continuous cooling transformations. Non-equilibrium diffusionless transformation: martensite. Hardenability. Precipitation phenomena.
8. Metals. Importance on bioengineering. Stainless steels. Titanium alloys.
9. Ceramics. Structure of common bioceramics. Properties and processing of ceramics. Glasses in bioengineering.
10. Polymers. Basic definitions, general properties and examples. Classification. Synthesis: addition, condensation, examples. Molecular features. Crystallinity. Factors that affect crystallinity. Mechanical behavior of polymers. Types of polymers: thermoplastic, thermosets, elastomers, comparative study of their properties. Implant polymers. Polymer processing: extrusion, injection, blow molding, rotational molding, thermoforming.
11. Composite materials. Definition and types. Composites in nature. Classification. Types of constituents. Fiber reinforced composites: roles of matrix and reinforcement. Types of fibers: glass, carbon, polyamides. Mechanical behavior of fibers. Structural composites: sandwich, laminates. Elastic behavior: isostress and isostrain conditions. Strength. The role of the interphase. Examples.
12. Additive manufacturing. Concepts and examples.