The student in this course will acquire the following knowledge capacities that we divide into these sections:
I State intervention in the economy.
II The basic concepts of budgetary policy
II The problem of aggregating individual preferences, the criteria of efficiency and equity and their integration in social welfare functions
III To become familiar with the idea that the economic agent that suffers the burden of the tax does not have to coincide with the taxable person of the same. To explain that any tax policy that alters the relative price of economic activities causes an impoverishment of economic agents and a distorting change in their behavior that involves a loss of well-being known as deadweight-loss. Analyze the deadweight-loss in three basic cases: the choice of a consumer good or service over all other goods, the choice between consumption and leisure, and the choice in an intertemporal consumption model.
iV Fundamental problems in the empirical measurement of the reactions of economic agents to taxes. For example, how to measure elasticities in consumption, labor supply, and elasticities of total taxable income.
V. The structure of the tax system. We study the structure and basic problems that plague the income tax of individuals, corporation tax, social security contributions, value-added tax and tax on inheritance and transfers inter vivos, and taxes to globalized companies.
VI. Study of the basic ideas about fiscal decentralization and the fundamental ideas about the economic policy of taxes
Finally, attitudes will be promoted such as: The ability to defend and justify certain attitudes about public policy in tax matters. Ability to maintain a critical attitude and distinguish the positive and normative aspects of an argument