Financial econometrics is the intersection of statistical techniques and finance to ascertain how financial prices are determined and to test models that try to replicate how financial markets work. The course will cover the tools of financial econometrics and empirical finance with a moderate degree of sophistication, starting by introducing the extensions to the basic generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model (GARCH) in terms of statistical properties, estimated parameters, and volatilities. Then, we will learn to differentiate between volatility, uncertainty, and risk, learning to apply these concepts to different financial assets. Finally, we will learn to estimate the implied volatility of equity indices and discuss the information contained in the implied volatility term structure and smile. Over the whole course, there will be a heavy emphasis on applications.