None.

5. Be able to present reasoned comments on the concepts worked on. 6. Know and analyse the main lines of political thought from antiquity to the present day, as well as distinguish the particular characteristics of each one of them. 7. Know and understand the processes of political change in different historical periods, as well as their relationship and impact on the social, economic and cultural spheres. 8. Knowing and understanding the influence of political thought on international relations. 9. Analyse the values inherent to equal opportunities, multiculturalism, political, ideological and cultural pluralism, and fundamental rights, taking as a maxim, both for present and past societies, the great importance of plurality.

Part 1: History 1. Introduction to the study of the History of Political Ideas. 2. Political reflection in the Polis. 3. Political reflection in the Middle Ages. 4. Monarchical Absolutism and the political reflection on the idea of citizenship 5. The Political Thought of the Hispanic Monarchy between the XVI and XVII Centuries. 6. Iusnaturalism and politics S. XVII. 7. Political thought in times of revolution. Enlightenment and Liberalism. Part 2: Theory 1. Thinking about the world through political theory. A look into the past to understand the present and guide the future. Fernando Vallespín, Rafael del Águila, and Reinhart Koselleck. 2. Definitions of Freedom: Negative Freedom - Positive Freedom - Freedom as Non-Domination - Freedom as Emancipation. Isaiah Berlin. 3. The limits of freedom and the explanation of totalitarianisms: the post-World War II world. Hannah Arendt. 4. From Equality to Difference: Definition and meanings of the term in the Modern State: Formal equality, equality of opportunity, recognition equality. Nancy Fraser, Amartya Sen, John Rawls. 5. Current issues related to the tension between freedom, equality, and social justice. Political community and integration. How is diversity articulated in modern societies? Different perspectives: liberalism, communitarianism, multiculturalism. 6. Gender theory and feminist thought: From Simone de Beauvoir to Judith Butler. 7. New challenges in political theory: communication and post-truth in a global world: Jürgen Habermas, Lee McIntyre, and Byung-Chul Han.

AF1. THEORETICAL-PRACTICAL CLASSES. The knowledge to be acquired by the students will be presented. Practices related to the contents will be carried out. AF2. TUTORIALS. Individual (individual tutorials) or group (group tutorials) assistance to students by the lecturer. AF2. TUTORIALS. Individualised assistance (individual tutorials) or group assistance (group tutorials) to students by the lecturer. AF3. INDIVIDUAL OR GROUP WORK BY THE STUDENT. MD1. THEORY CLASS. Lectures by the lecturer with the support of computer and audiovisual media, in which the main concepts of the subject are developed. Specific material and bibliography will be provided to complement the students' learning. MD2. PRACTICALS. Resolution of practical cases, problems, etc. posed by the teacher individually or in groups. MD3. TUTORIALS. Individual (individual tutorials) or group (group tutorials) assistance to students by the lecturer.