History of Philosophy I

1) Familiarity with some of the fundamental problems and discussions of modern and contemporary thinking. 2) Ability for a dense and concentrated reading of philosophical texts and cultural history. 3) Handling of secondary literature 4) Writing essays and expository and argumentative texts. 5) Perform oral presentation based on source texts and secondary bibliography. 6) Participating in philosophical discussions with other colleagues about a specific problem.

LEARNING OUTCOMES 1.Have acquired advanced theoretical and practical knowledge and demonstrated an understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects and working methodologies of the Humanities, so as to achieve a high level of knowledge generation. 2.Be able, by means of arguments or procedures developed and supported by themselves, to apply their knowledge, understanding and problem-solving skills in complex areas concerning the Humanities, including specialised professional activities requiring the use of creative and innovative ideas. 3.Have the ability to collect and interpret data and information on which to base their conclusions, including, where necessary and relevant, reflection on social, scientific or ethical issues in the field of the Humanities. BASIC COMPETENCES 1.Students have demonstrated possession and understanding of knowledge in an area of study that builds on the foundation of general secondary education, and is usually at a level that, while relying on advanced textbooks, also includes some aspects that involve knowledge from the cutting edge of their field of study 2.Students are able to apply their knowledge to their work or vocation in a professional manner and possess the competences usually demonstrated through the development and defence of arguments and problem solving within their field of study. 3.Students have the ability to gather and interpret relevant data (usually within their field of study) in order to make judgements which include reflection on relevant social, scientific or ethical issues. 4.Students should be able to communicate information, ideas, problems and solutions to both specialist and non-specialist audiences. 5.Students will have developed the learning skills necessary to undertake further study with a high degree of autonomy. GENERAL COMPETENCES 1.Acquire the essential knowledge of the various subjects of the humanities disciplines: History, Art, Philosophy, Literature, Spanish Language, Languages, Geography and Classical Culture; of their epistemological evolution and of the relationship of each one with related scientific disciplines, starting from the knowledge acquired in secondary education and up to a level that guarantees knowledge of the state-of-the-art in the study of the Humanities. 2.To develop the linguistic and cultural competences of their community language 3.Acquire the different methods of analysis, synthesis, research and thought corresponding to the humanities disciplines studied. 4.Learning to produce ¿knowledge¿ related to the various humanities subjects. 6.Acquiring the ability to introduce and apply critical thinking when analysing information, data, ideas, opinions and concepts related to the world of the Humanities. 7.Acquiring the ability to tackle problems and provide solutions concerning issues related to humanities disciplines. SPECIFIC COMPETENCES 1.Knowing and being able to define and relate the concepts, limits and sources of the subjects concerning humanistic disciplines, as well as knowing the main lines of work and analysis of history, geography, culture, thought and language. 2.Knowing and being able to interpret texts, materials and creations linked to the world of thought, history, geography, theoretical reflection, culture and art, through their correct spatio-temporal contextualisation. 3.Being able to identify and analyse common processes, throughout history, in the relations between society and its intellectual, artistic and cultural productions. 4.Being able to produce analytical texts, essays and reports with rigour and applying a scientific method in accordance with good research and professional practices. 6.To be able to relate the theoretical knowledge acquired with other forms of artistic and intellectual expression, through the application of the interpretative skills acquired in the degree studies.

History of Philosophy (II) presents a historical and conceptual introduction to Western Modernity from its beginnings in the 17th century until the mid-20th century. We select some of the most representative authors of this period, the problems they pose and discourses and theories produces over these three centuries. The course will attend both to the historical moment in which such theories emerge and to the profound contemporary implications of those theories and conceptualizations. At the end of the course, the student must attain a global vision of the philosophical meaning of Modernity and the processes it imples. This History of Philosophy (II) presents a historical and conceptual understanding of Western Modernity from its beginnings in the seventeenth century to its apogee in the mid-twentieth century. To this end, we will selectively study some of the most representative authors of this period, the problems they pose and the discourses and theories that are constructed on the basis of them. A dual focus will be maintained on the moment in which these theories emerged and on the profound contemporary implications of these theories and conceptualisations. At the end of the course, the student should have a global vision of the philosophical meaning of Modernity and the processes in which it develops. Theoretical Sessions: Unit 1: Introduction to Modern Philosophy. 2. Definition and Historical Context of Modern Philosophy. Text: "Discourse on Method" by René Descartes. Rationalism: Descartes and the Primacy of Reason. Text: "Metaphysical Meditations" by René Descartes. 2. Empiricism: Hume and Sensible Experience Text: "Inquiry into Human Understanding" by David Hume. 3. Criticism: Kant and the Synthesis of Rationalism and Empiricism Text: Selection from Immanuel Kant's "Critique of Pure Reason". 4. Kant's Moral Philosophy: Deontology and the Categorical Imperative Text: Selection from Immanuel Kant's "Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals". Unit 2: Contemporary Philosophy up to 1950 5. Idealist Philosophy: Hegel and the Absolute Spirit Text: Selection from Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's "Phenomenology of Spirit". 6. Romanticism: Kant and the Sublime Beauty Text: Selection of Romantic texts. 7. Pragmatism: William James and Practical Truth Text: "Principles of Psychology" by William James. 8. Nietzsche's Philosophy: Nietzsche and the Will to Power Text: "Thus Spoke Zarathustra" by Friedrich Nietzsche. Unit 3: Contemporary Philosophy: Issues and Problems 9. The Frankfurt School: Adorno and Horkheimer and the Critique of Instrumental Reason Text: "Dialectic of Enlightenment" by Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer. 10. Analytic Philosophy: Wittgenstein and the Analysis of Language. Text: "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus" by Ludwig Wittgenstein. 11. The Linguistic Turn: Heidegger and the Ontology of Language. Text: "Being and Time" by Martin Heidegger. 12. Existentialism: Sartre and Existence as Freedom. Text: "Being and Nothingness" by Jean-Paul Sartre. Practical Sessions: Unit 1: Applications of Modern Philosophy. Subject and body Debate based on texts by Spinoza and his contemporary re-reading. The Scientific Method: Kant and the Critique of Metaphysics. Analysis of modern texts and their influence on scientific methodology. Ethics and Morality in Rationalism and Empiricism. Comparative study of the ethical theories of Descartes, Hume and Kant from a contemporary perspective. Unit 2: Contemporary Issues Ethics in the Technological Age Ethical discussion based on the work of Nietzsche Frankfurt School. The Problem of Truth in the Post-Truth Era: Philosophical Perspectives Analysis of the notion of truth based on texts by Hobbes, Nietzsche and Heidegger. The Relationship between Language and Reality: Challenges of the Linguistic Turn Discussion of the relationship between language and reality based on texts by Wittgenstein and Heidegger. Unit 3: Interdisciplinary Applications Philosophy and Neuroscience: The Consciousness Debate Dialogue between philosophical texts and advances in neuroscience. Philosophy and Politics: Modern and Contemporary Contractualism Analysis of political texts from different philosophical perspectives. Philosophy and Art: Contemporary Aesthetics Exploration of the relationship between philosophy and art using texts on aesthetics by Nietzsche and Heidegger.

EEach of the sections will be divided into individual topics. For each topic, there will be a lecture session and practical sessions to be carried out in small groups. The practical sessions may correspond to the following activities: A) discussion based on texts previously assigned by the teacher and read from home by the students, B) documentation activities to find bibliography based on objectives and interpretative hypotheses, C) oral presentations, D) training activities in philosophical writing. The practical classes will complement the master classes, but need not correspond exactly to the authors and theories presented in the master class. The master classes will be assessed by means of the mid-term exams, while the practical classes will be assessed by means of the final paper. In order to be able to follow the course and carry out the readings and assignments, it is highly recommended that each student consult and read the additional bibliography that accompanies the topics of the course, which is indicated at the end of this programme. The theory sessions will be devoted to (a) the presentation of the main theses of each theory, current and author, (b) the reading of source and secondary texts during the session. Eventually, a flipped classroom methodology may be used so that the presentation of the subject is recorded by the teacher so that the students can watch it at home, and the class time is devoted to discussion, problem solving and reading of texts. The theory classes will be assessed by means of a final exam which will be independent of the assessment of the practical classes. The practical classes will pose diachronic problems whose theoretical resolution requires knowledge of the philosophical traditions and legacies of modernity in contemporary times. and contemporary readings of the modern age. Practical classes will be used to design hypotheses, identify bibliography and read and interpret the texts necessary to respond to the problems presented. In order to be able to follow the course and carry out the readings and assignments, it is highly recommended that each student consult and read the additional bibliography that accompanies the topics of the course, and which is indicated at the end of this programme. The use of Artificial Intelligence tools is selectively permitted in this course. Students may use AI tools for bibliographic searches or retrieving specific data, but not for writing their own critical reflection. If AI use leads to academic fraud by falsifying the results of an assignment, the disciplinary regulations of Universidad Carlos III de Madrid will apply, following the partial implementation of Law 3/2022, of February 24, on university coexistence.