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At the end of the program students will be able to: - To introduce to the knowledge of the keys and main elements linked to critical thinking. - To introduce knowledge of the types and models of thinking, their characteristics and the most common possibilities and errors in each case. - To analyse and promote the main characteristics of critical thinking. - To stimulate critical thinking, the generation of divergent ideas and innovation. - To develop a proactive perspective that contributes to detecting, facing and creatively solving different cases and problems. - To discover, develop and promote critical thinking, innovative attitude and knowledge of causal processes in personal and professional situations. - Contribute to the comprehensive training and personal development of students.

1. Introduction. Theoretical foundations of thinking. The human brain and decision-making. 2. Models of thinking. Types of thoughts and associated models. -Recognition and modelling exercises. 3. Critical thinking and creative thinking. Phases of the analysis process. Phases of the creative process. Parallels and divergences. 4. Problem solving. Creative and critical problem solving. Proactivity and innovation.

The schedule is distributed according to the following methodology and training activities: ¿ Seminars-Workshops: The activity is carried out in small groups with the presence of the teacher, working in monographic sessions in depth on a specific topic. Knowledge is built through interaction and work guided by the teacher. ¿ Debates: A topical, controversial or conflictive subject is used to discuss the different points of view on the subject or the pros and cons of certain positions in a dialogue and with specific rules. Open debates guided by the teacher can be used, or students are assigned to hold specific positions to be defended in subgroups of students. ¿ Simulations: The teacher or students design role-plays of real-life situations related to the objective(s) worked on in the subject. ¿ Presentations: Students in groups or individually work on a specific topic assigned by the teacher or chosen by them to structure a specific content to be presented to the rest of their classmates. Some action may subsequently be established to facilitate feedback or to guide students in the debate. Technological aids can be used to facilitate the presentation of the topic. ¿ Teamwork: In small groups of students, a work or project requested by the teacher is carried out with a series of characteristics or objectives that have to be developed as a group. ¿ Individual work: This activity may include individual work on tasks, assignments, projects, readings, etc., which must be carried out autonomously by the student. In this subject, students must not use artificial intelligence tools to carry out the written tests. In the case of assignments or exercises proposed by the teacher, it will be expressly indicated in each case whether their use is permitted and how they are to be identified. In the event that the use of AI by the student gives rise to academic fraud by falsifying the results of an assignment required to accredit academic performance, the provisions of the Carlos III University of Madrid Regulations for the partial development of Law 3/2022, of 24 February, on university coexistence will be applied.